Fighting Against Laundering and Illegal Captial Flight in Korea-Case Study of FIUs and Policy Directions -
Hyungdo Ahn et al.

For the last 10 years, major countries around the world have endeavored to establish money laundering prevention system domestically on the one hand, and to pursue mutual cooperation by launching international fora on money laundering and encouraging other countries to adopt FIU system on the other. International fora such as UN, OECD, and Egmont Group have recommended the nations to introduce money laundering prevention system through the legislation of Anti-Money Laundering Act and the establishment of a Financial Intelligence Unit. In particular, OECD had set up the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering(FATF) in 1989 and all the OECD member countries except Korea and Poland have been participating in the activities. In 1995, Egmont Group has been formed to boost the cooperation among FIUs around the globe.

Korea will enforce the second-stage foreign exchange liberalization beginning January 2001. The former 'Foreign Exchange Management Act' took the role of preventing the flow of 'bad' money originated from the crimes and illegal capital flight. However, the implementation of the second-stage foreign exchange liberalization meausures would ease the manipulation resulting in the increase of money laundering and illegal capital flows. Therefore, Korea is in urgent need to introduce the FIU system.

This report intends to draw the blueprint for the Korean FIU system. The report surveys the current status of 21 FIUs around the world and proposes the FIU system which is appropriate to Korean society. Besides the enactment of Anti-Money Laundering Act, Korean should introduce three elements. First, a Financial Intelligence Unit(FIU) should be established to collect, analyze, and provide information on illegal financial transactions. Second, Suspicious Transactions Reporting System(STRS) should be introduced to require financial institutions to make reports on suspicious transactions. Third, financial institutions should establish internal reporting systems and training programmes to encourage and facilitate the reporting.

제1장 서 론
1. 연구의 배경과 목적
2. 연구의 방법과 구성

제2장 국내 불법금융거래의 유형과 규모
1. 자금세탁의 유형과 규모
2. 자금의 불법적 유출입 현황과 규모
3. 국내 유관기관의 운영현황과 문제점

제3장 국제적 자금세탁방지 활동현황
1. 자금세탁방지에 관한 국제규범
2. 주요국제기구의 활동현황

제4장 금융정보기구(FIU)제도의 국제적 운영현황과 시사점
1. FIU제도의 운영개관
2. 주요국 FIU제도의 운영체계
3. 한국형 모델에 대한 시사점

제5장 한국형 FIU제도 도입방안
1. FIU제도 도입방안: 한국형 모델
2. 중장기 추진과제

제6장 결론

<참고 1> 주요국의 금융정보기구(FIU) 제도
<참고 2> 주요국 입법례
<참고 3> 사례 조사