Cooperation between North Korea and China in Tourism and Policy Implication


Jiyeon Kim, Pilsoo Choi, Minkyung Lim, and Seung Kwon Na




China is the most significant partner to North Korea in economic cooperation of tourism. In 2012, 4,500 North Koreans traveled China, while at least 50,000 Chinese traveled North Korea. It is between April and November that Chinese tourists visit North Korea. During winter, North Korea close its door to foreign tourists due to a electronic power shortage, ice formation, problem in heating supply, and other limitation in environmental factors.

There are two different types of tour programs in North Korea, in terms of border city tour and Pyongyang and other city tour. The first one focuses on traveling border cities between the North and China, while tour programs in the second one concentrate on traveling Pyongyang and its nearby cities. Vehicle, train, or walking on foot is main transportation in the border program, while airplane, cruise, train, and vehicle are main transportation for the interior city tour. Average cost for the border program is approximately 700~2,500RMB per person, and it is 1,700~6,500 RMB per person for the Pyongyang and nearby city program. Yanji, Hunchun, Tumen, Shenyang, Dandong, and Peking are gate cities for traveling North Korea. Travelers from Yanji, Shenyang, and Peking are available for airplane, train, and vehicles, while those departing from Hunchun, Tumen, and Dandong take only train or vehicles.

There are 1,864 international travel agencies in China, and among them only selected number of agencies which make contract with national travel agencies in North Korea, in terms of Chosun International Travel Agency, Chosun International Youth Travel Agency, and Chosun International Physical Education Travel Agency obtain authority to send Chinese trip to North Korea. There are approximately 15 authorized agencies in Yanji, Hunchun, and Tumen. In Shenyang and Dandong, it is about 10 agencies, and there are approximately 10 agencies in Peking.

It is estimated that approximately 50,000~60,000 Chinese traveled North Korea in 2012. It also estimated that North Korea earned approximately 21.7million ~34.6million US dollar through Chinese travelers in 2012. When the fact that North Korea earned 86million US dollar through Kaesong Industrial Complex in 2012 is considered, economic cooperation size in tourism between the North Korea and China is not small enough to be ignorant.

Based on the paper results, fundamentally growth potential in tourism cooperation between North Korea and China is not high, because of limited chinese tourist demand to North Korea, poor infrastructure and system, and low rate of return in North Korea tour goods.

But, it could be positive factor that chinese demand for overseas travel is growing fast. And it is hard to estimate trend of china's tourism demand to North Korea, because china travel agency started to deal with travel good in North Korea, recently.

국문요약

제1장 서론
1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적
2. 주요 내용과 연구방법

제2장 북‧중 관광협력의 추진배경과 제도적 여건
1. 북‧중 관광협력의 추진배경과 정책방향
가. 중국의 추진배경과 정책방향
나. 북한의 추진배경과 정책방향
2. 북‧중 관광협력과 연계된 주요 법률 및 행정기구
가. 정책 마련에 근거가 되는 주요 법률
나. 주요 행정기구

제3장 북‧중 관광협력의 추진 현황 분석
1. 관광 시기와 종류
2. 중국 내 북한 여행상품 취급 도시 및 여행사 현황
3. 주요 여행상품 정보: 일정, 지역, 이동수단, 비용 등을 중심으로
4. 대북 여행에 참가한 중국 관광객 수 및 특성
5. 소결: 북․중 관광협력의 주요 특징

제4장 북‧중 관광협력을 통한 외화 수입 현황
1. 북·중 관광협력을 통한 북한의 외화 수입규모 추정
2. 남·북 경협사업과 북‧중 관광협력 간 외화 수입 추정규모 비교
가. 개성공단사업과 북‧중 관광협력의 외화 수입 추정규모 비교
나. 금강산, 개성 관광과 북‧중 관광협력의 외화 수입 추정규모 비교
제5장 주요 특징과 전망

참고문헌

부 록

Executive Summary