In recent years, as several developing economies have built up significant financial and technical capacities, new patterns of economic partnership as well as development cooperation among the Southern countries are emerging. This presents a substantial opportunity to change the landscape of international development that has so far been largely a North-South phenomenon through the addition of a complementary and growing South-South Cooperation (SSC). The financial surpluses available to some developing countries such as China and Brazil made possible transfer of some of the resources amid the global financial crises and concerns over the possible decrease in aid volume from traditional donors. As a new source of development finance and knowledge transfer, the role of Southern countries as a development partner is being highlighted more than ever.
This policy paper is to examine the role of Korea as a donor to contribute to raising the effectiveness of development cooperation though South-South Cooperation. As the newest donor who has retained memories of its own development, Korea has substantial potential to work as a partner in South-South Cooperation. To better facilitate and participate in SSC as a new donor, Korea needs to understand the current picture of SSC through a comprehensive and systematic review and this research is expected to serve this requirement.
This research first reviews the history and background of SSC in a broader context and analyzes the current discussion of SSC at a global level. Furthermore, it presents a series of case studies of various aspects of development cooperation among developing countries in three different regions of Asia (China, India and Thailand), Africa/Middle East (South Africa, Turkey and Middle East) and Latin America (Brazil and Chile). In addition, the contribution of international organizations including the UN, regional development banks and other major regional organizations in SSC was reviewed.
Based on that research, this paper concludes by suggesting a few policy options for Korea as a partner in SSC, focusing on triangular cooperation in particular. They include strengthening cooperative mechanism with emerging donors such as China, India, Brazil and South Africa to complement Korea’s current bilateral development cooperation. Also the paper suggests that Korea should utilize this new approach to enhance its aid effectiveness and synergy of its efforts in progress by adopting the knowledge and knowhow of its Southern partners.
In order to fully realize this potential, Korea needs to build up institutional foundations to set the direction of South-South and Triangular Cooperation and to provide policy guidelines. It also needs to identify appropriate level of technology and policy applicable to developing countries in partnership with pivotal countries and organizations in the South. To best grasp the comparative advantages of developing countries, it will be useful to set up a platform to share the specific knowledge and know-how of developing countries based on their extensive experience in collaboration with partner countries and multilateral organizations. This means that the functioning of feedback mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the program as well as information sharing would be very important. Lastly, Korea should further strengthen the partnership with multilateral organizations and other donors to learn from practices of SSC that are effective and combine the lessons with Korea’s efforts to cooperate with developing countries.
Despite the ongoing global financial and economic hardship, the long-term prospects for continued expansion of SSC remain high. There is also a growing expectations and interest amidst Southern partners concerning the role of Korea as an SSC partner. Given Korea’s potential position as a bridge between the developing countries and established donors, Korea should move towards greater participation and involvement in discussions in the SSC.

제1장 서 론

제2장 남남협력의 현황과 주요 특징
1. 남남협력 추진 배경
2. 남남협력 추진 현황
가. 규모
나. 지원조건 및 협력 유형

제3장 주요 신흥 개도국의 남남협력 추진 현황
1. 아시아
가. 중국
나. 인도
다. 태국
2. 아프리카·중동
가. 남아프리카공화국
나. 터키
다. 중동
3. 중남미
가. 브라질
나. 칠레

제4장 국제기구의 남남협력 지원 현황
1. UN 기구
가. UN 개발계획(UNDP)
나. UN 산업개발기구(UNIDO)
다. UN 무역개발회의(UNCTAD)
라. UN 지역개발센터(UNCRD)
2. 지역개발은행
가. 아시아개발은행(ADB)
나. 미주개발은행(IDB)
다. 아프리카개발은행(AfDB)
3. 지역협의체
가. 동남아국가연합(ASEAN)
나. 태평양도서국포럼(PIF)
다. 아시아·태평양 경제사회위원회(UNESCAP)
라. 중남미카리브 경제위원회(UNECLAC)

제5장 남남협력과 원조효과성 논의
1. 남남협력과 원조효과성
가. 아크라 행동계획과 남남협력
나. 원조효과성 측면에서 남남협력 평가
2. DAC 회원국의 남남협력 참여 현황
가. 삼각협력 추진 현황
나. 삼각협력 추진사례

제6장 남남협력을 활용한 삼각협력 추진방안
1. 기본방향
2. 우리나라의 삼각협력 추진 현황과 평가
3. 남남협력을 활용한 삼각협력 추진과제
가. 삼각협력을 통한 지역협력 강화
나. 다자 프로그램 및 파트너십 참여 확대
다. 선진 공여국의 경험학습
라. 성공사례 축적 및 국제적 논의 주도

제7장 결 론

참고문헌

부 록

Executive Summary