Labour Policies in Central and Eastern Europe
Eun-Ku Lee

This study aims at examining the labour policies of Central and Eastern European(CEE) countries in the past ten-years of transition toward a market economy, and to pick out some of lessons from their experiences applicable to Korea. According to its report published in 1999, EBRD has affirmatively evaluated the achievement of economic reform of the CEE countries in general. At the same time, EBRD has, however, recommended that the CEE countries should, in order to remedy some side effects and then to establish an integrated society, pay policy priorities on the redistribution of economic benefits generated from the economic transition.

Among the side effects, this study mainly concerns on unemployment and income differential. The labour strata, under the expectation on that they could become the winners in the economic transition, have sent political and social supports for the transition. However, the labour strata have become the biggest losers. Many of the labour strata have suffered from the decrease of real income and the unemployment. Each of countries in CEE, seriously realizing that the income differential and the unemployment could be the most dangerous challenges to the transition, implemented various unemployment support policies and social welfare programmes. At the first stage of economic transition, the governments in CEE mainly supported the unemployment through the payment of unemployment benefits. But they soon realized its limits for overcoming the unemployment problems. At the second stage, the governments, instead of the payment of unemployment benefits, strengthened active labour market policies. Among the programmes of active labour market policies, the vocational training programmes producted employment effects while the other programmes were hardly contributed to moderate unemployment increase.

On the other hand, while the trade union's movements have been weakened since the collapses of socialist systems, the governments have led the tripartitive negotiations. In regard to real income, the growth of the wage differential between the industries have escalated earnings inequality, and Gini-coefficients have been increased in all of the CEE countries. In order to ease the income inequality, the governments in CEE have introduced new social service programmes and have increased the government expenditure.

In conclusion, this study emphasizes that the CEE countries could be derailed to the bipolarized societies if they do not share the fruits of economic transition with the labour strata. And it also that the dead socialism might be revived if the interests of the labour strata would be continuously neglected in the future transition.

Ⅰ. 서 론

Ⅱ. 경제전환기 노동정책의 의의
1. 경제전환의 구조와 노동정책의 위치
2. 경제전환기 노동정책의 사회경제적 의의
3. 경제전환기 사회 지지도의 변화와 노동정책

Ⅲ. 사회주의 노동정책의 특징과 한계
1. 사회주의 노동정책의 이념적 토대
2. 사회주의 노동력 배분체제의 관료화
3. 사회주의 노동정책과 노동력의 부족
4. 사회주의 노·사·정 관계의 특징

Ⅳ. 중·동구 경제전환의 성과에 관한 평가
1. 폴란드 경제전환의 성과
2. 체크공화국 경제전환의 성과
3. 헝가리 경제전환의 성과
4. 중·동구 경제전환의 성과에 관한 종합적 비교

Ⅴ. 폴란드 노동정책 연구
1. 폴란드 노동정책의 역사적 발전과정
2. 경제전환기 폴란드 노동문제의 특징
3. 경제전환기 폴란드 노동정책의 전개
4. 폴란드 노·사·정 이익조정체계

Ⅵ. 체크공화국 노동정책 연구
1. 체크 노동정책의 역사적 발전 과정
2. 경제전환기 체크 노동문제의 특징
3. 경제전환기 체크 노동정책의 전개
4. 체크 노·사·정 이익조정체계

Ⅶ. 헝가리 노동정책 연구
1. 헝가리 노동정책의 역사적 발전과정
2. 경제전환기 헝가리 노동문제의 특징
3. 경제전환기 헝가리 노동정책의 전개
4. 헝가리 노·사·정 이익조정체제

Ⅷ. 중·동구 노동정책에 관한 비교

Ⅸ. 결 론