Non-Tariff Barriers in APEC Economies Jungshik Son, Hongyul Han When APEC was first established in 1989, there was little expectation that the organization would be able to produce meaningful results. The very reasons of such skepticism comes from two basic principles of the APEC. The first is "open regionalism," whereby all the benefits of trade liberalization accrue to those both within and outside the region. The second principle is, "non-binding cooperation," meaning that the APEC will not utilize standard integration processes such as negotiations and agreements.

The development of the APEC shows that the members are still searching for some mechanism that can promote liberalization on the unilateral basis. EVSL is an attempt to produce such mechanism in APEC. EVSL adopts a 'semi-negotiation process' in selecting sectors for liberalization and cooperation, which greatly transforms the nature of the APEC from a forum of cooperation to a market for exchanging commitments for liberalization.

The main purpose of this study is to identify non-tariff measures applied to the products included in the EVSL, in order to facilitate the process of EVSL by providing information on non-tariff measures in APEC economies. The characteristics of non-tariff measures on the EVSL products can be summarized as follows. First, though the frequency of non-tariff measures in the APEC developed economies is smaller than that of developing economies, those measures are applied in a manner to directly influence trade flows. For example, the incidence of import quota, anti-dumping and countervailing measures are relatively more frequently found in developed economies.

Second, APEC developing economies are applying more general type measures like import authorization, non-automatic licences and import inspections rather than applying product specific measures. This characteristic seems to undermine the transparency of trade environment of developing economies.

Finally we suggest that more balanced approach is necessary for the successful conclusion of EVSL. First, as one of the reasons for developing economies to participate in EVSL is the unbalanced development between TILF and Ecotech, EVSL has to proceed in a more balanced way by emphasizing Ecotech. Second, it is desired to harmonize the level and frequency of non-tariff measures applied by the regional economies.

서언
요약

Ⅰ. 서론
1. 연구목적
2. APEC 무역자유화의 발전과정
3. APEC 조기자유화 분야 선정 과정과 Open Regionalism

Ⅱ. EVSL 분야별 비관세 장벽의 현황
1. 완구
2. 수산물
3. 화학제품
4. 임산물
5. 진주 및 귀금속 (HS 71)
6. 에너지 및 관련 장비
7. 의료장비

Ⅲ. 국가별 비관세조치 현황에 대한 평가
1. 전반적 평가
2. 국가별 평가

Ⅳ. EVSL의 방향에 관한 정책시사점
1. APEC 무역자유화의 방향
2. APEC 무역구조에 입각한 EVSL의 평가

참고문헌

부록