In 2010, Korea has become 24th member country of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD Development Aid Committee, DAC. Hereby Korea is the first nation which changed its position form an ODA recipient to a donor country after the establishment of OECD in 1961. Korea as an emerging donor is trying to develop its ODA policy accord with the United Nation's MDGs.
According to recent data, ASEAN received about 25 per cent of Korea's total ODA disbursement. Moreover, ASEAN is a core region of cooperation in terms of politics, economy and diplomacy. The importance of ODA comes not only from its characteristics of humanitarianism but also it is one of the important sources of a country's soft power which can lift up the nations's diplomatic ability and reputation. Therefore Korea's ODA toward ASEAN has its significance beyond a mere numerical growth.
Cambodia is one of the poorest countries in ASEAN but its relation with Korea has been rapidly improved. The number of Korean tourists who visited Cambodia reached 300 thousands, the two nations' trade volume increased six times more than 1997 and Korea's investment to Cambodia jumped seventy-fold from the year of diplomatic normalization in 1997. Now Cambodia is the sixth largest investment destination for Korea while Korea is the second largest foreign investor in Cambodia after China and the accumulated volume of the investment reached $ 2.75 billions. Also, Cambodia is one of our strategic partners for economic cooperation. In 2008, Cambodia was Korea's the second largest recipient who received $ 1.3 millions of grant. In spite of the growing need of systemic approach to ODA policy, there are few studies which deal with the ODA strategy toward Cambodia. For this reason, this study aims to analyze Cambodia's ODA circumstance to suggest ODA policy direction accord with Korea's new diplomatic strategy to Asia. To do so, this study will compare China, Japan and the World Bank's ODA policies. The strengths of these donors ODA strategy may provide good tips on Korea's ODA strategy toward Cambodia. Also through the field trip to Cambodia, we would scan Korea's current ODA strategy to develop it in the efficient way to reduce poverty and to boost economic growth in Cambodia.
Japan's ODA policy toward the South Asian region has been criticized as the country strongly pursues economic interests through ODA. Japan's foreign aid in Cambodia, however, is not criticized neither by government officers nor by civil society. Japan keeps its chanel open with Cambodian local governments to research aid demand areas. Especially, Japan established NGO desks in the local JICA offices which connect Japan's development NGOs and Cambodia local NGOs. Unlike in Indonesia, Japan does not seek natural resources and markets simultaneously in Cambodia. This may be one of the reasons that Japan ODA policy has a fine valuation in Cambodia.
China's foreign aid has very unique characteristics. Often China's aid does not meet the international standard of ODA as its purpose of aid is highly related with political leverage or economic ripples toward the recipient countries. Nonetheless many recipients welcome China's aid since it gives huge amount of aid promptly under the principles of reciprocity and "non-interference in domestic affairs." Traditional donor countries admit that China's aid has many problems in terms of the global standard but they do not deny China's contribution to the international ODA field. Some ODA people and NGO people who we met in Cambodia also showed similar perspectives.
It would be difficult to get some lessons from China's aid policy since its uniqueness and Korea's lack of aid resources. Yet some see China's strategy in the more positive manner since Korea's current ODA budget is not sufficient enough to meet international assistance purpose. There is a suggestion that Korea should consider China’s strategies more seriously.
Korea just has been joined DAC. Korea’s position among DAC members is not really firm neither strong at all right at this moment. That is why Korea should concern how well those recipient countries will give credit for Korea's ODA. Korea should set ODA Strategies samrtly according to recipients' evaluation.
Even Japan and China have been operating ODA Policy for their own interests. Korea’s economy is much smaller than Japan and China. Then Korea more likely needs to recognize the limit of aid funds for ODA and to develop specialized ODA policy according to Korea’s economy scale. We should take consider China’s strategies which is to avoid contempt from donor countries but to have reciprocal relationship with recipient countries by helping recipient countries to reduce their poverty and by supporting the local people to feel that they are actually being helped.
Doctor Kwon Yul suggests that Korea which has very limited resource should actively collaborate with China. From his point of view, Korea and China,as newly rising donor countries, both have lots of common to share, Korea can hand over ODA management and evaluation skill and Know how to China. ODA joint project with China can give Korea the stable funding. Cases of China's ODA to Cambodia bring several tasks that Korea has to develop its own ODA model. Korea’s ODA model has to be shaped other than material aid due to limit resource. It is supposed to maximize aid effectiveness. From that point of view, Korea has to revitalize exports to Cambodia. Genreally, Cambodia shows satisfaction about Korea’s aid system. The biggest reason is Korea has experienced the same economic difficulties because of that, Korea understands developing countries situation so unlikely the Western donors, Korea tries to meet the needs of Cambodia.
Some western donor countries emphasize aid consulting system, In this way, Assistance can be interference of Cambodia’s customary and its administration so Cambodia government prefers Korea’s aid system.
Currently, Korea focuses on not only material ODA but also developing software ODA project. But like Saemaeul Movement, such development experiences of Korea are not really welcomed from Cambodia as we expected it is.
Because of the difference situations and circumstances between Korea and Cambodia, the experiences that Korea went through in the past are not fitting into Cambodia’s current situation. in addition to that, Cambodia basically wants aid to be put into the sectors which immediate aid effectiveness can be seen.
As mentioned above, Korea’s ODA system to Cambodia is generally satisfying but still Cambodia sees that scale of aid from Korea is very limited and insufficient.
So if Korea keeps providing this amount of ODA and takes into consideration Korea’s own interests Cambodia will turn aside Korea’s ODA efforts to Cambodia.
 The critical problem pointed about Korea’s ODA is that communication channel between donor country and recipient country has not been settled yet. For example, Policy dialogue has not been institutionalized yet between Cambodia government (or local communities) and KOICA.
Because of this, Korea’s aid effectiveness can’t be transmitted to Cambodia government, Cambodia’s demands or requirements can’t be transmitted to Korean government.
Especially Cambodia government has been struggling to find out how Korean NGOs work in Cambodia. even though, Korean NGOs often have held many collaborated development projects in Cambodia their activities are not recognized well. KOICA has been playing a role of bridge between Korean NGO and Cambodia government but, lack of institutionalized policy dialogue, it is really difficult to communicate to share the information about those projects.
This research aims to suggests key ODA strategies to Cambodia for maximizing Korea’s ODA effectiveness as it below.
Current aid projects meets Cambodia’s development strategies though, compare to China, Japan, Korea needs to actively participate into core strategy Governance sector which has comparative advantage like efficient and fair administrative system building.
-Korea should take part in donor countries cooperation system like CDCF,GDCC,TWG.
-Korea’s general ODA strategy, apply selection and concentration principle into ODA and Cambodia should be the one to be selected and concentrated.
-In terms of ODA effectiveness, Government should not only promoting Government oriented Official Development Assistance but also consider supporting NGO oriented assistant projects.
-Before aid enforcement system, It is urgent to have integrated support system of grant aid and concessional loan through policy consultations between the ministry and office,
-To Take consider of Kore’s ODA scale, it is necessary to extend cooperate projects with other countries.
-PBA or Pre-PBA Aid system should be put in a practice
-Government should increase PPP Project budget to Cambodia and develop collaborate model fits into Cambodia

국문요약 

제1장 서 론 
1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 
2. 연구방법 

제2장 캄보디아 ODA 현황분석 
1. 캄보디아 지원여건  
가. 경제 현황 
나. 캄보디아의 취약성 및 개발 수요 
2. 한국⋅캄보디아 양국관계 
가. 기본관계 
나. 양자조약 체결 현황 
다. 대캄보디아 무역 동향 
라. 대캄보디아 투자 동향 
3. 캄보디아 ODA 현황 
가. 캄보디아의 개발원조 수원체제 
나. 규모 및 분야별 원조 동향  
다. 캄보디아 ODA 특징 

제3장 일본과 중국 그리고 세계은행의 대캄보디아 ODA 전략 
1. 일본 
가. 일본 ODA의 전략적 특징 
나. 일본의 대아세안 대외원조  
다. 일본의 대캄보디아 ODA 
2. 중국 
가. 중국의 대외원조 전략적 특징  
나. 중국의 대아세안 대외원조  
다. 중국의 대캄보디아 ODA 
3. 세계은행그룹(World Bank Group)  
가. 세계은행 대외원조의 전략적 특징 
나. 세계은행의 대아세안 대외원조  
다. 세계은행의 대캄보디아 ODA 
4. 일본, 중국, 세계은행 비교과 정책적 함의 

제4장 한국의 ODA 전략 
1. 한국 ODA의 현황과 특징 
2. 한국의 대아세안 ODA 
가. 아세안과 한국 
나. 대아세안 ODA의 특징과 변화 
3. 한국의 대캄보디아 ODA 
가. 목표 및 전략 
나. 사업분야 및 지원 규모 
다. 한국의 대캄보디아 원조 평가 

제5장 한국의 대캄보디아 ODA 전략 개발 
1. 수원국 요청사항 
2. 대캄보디아 ODA 전략 제안 
가. ODA의 효과 극대화 차원 
나. 외교 전략의 차원 

부록: 대아세안 ODA 현황분석 
1. 대아세안 ODA 주요 공여국의 현황 
가. 주요 공여국의 ODA 지원 규모 
나. 사업분야 
2. 대아세안 ODA 주요 공여국의 전략 
3. 주요 공여국의 대아세안 ODA 성과 및 평가 
가. 성과 
나. 평가 

참고문헌 

Executive Summary