In the 2010s, the Latin American environmental market has been developing with a stable growth trend particularly in the pollution treatment industry, such as water quality, air pollution and waste management. At the same time, environmental markets such as new energy production and management industries (renewable energy development, storage, etc.) are rapidly growing in terms of efficient use of resources. At the same time, the environmental market has been developing in response to climate change by strengthening international cooperation in the field of climate change, which is a global agenda, and improving the efficiency of resource and energy use as well.
   Korea’s entry into the Latin American environmental market is traditionally the environmental market with a traditional concept of air pollution prevention and monitoring, water quality management and waste management. It is also focused on emerging climate change-related industries (eg renewable energy development). Of course, the environmental restoration and knowledge service sectors, which are regarded as promising environmental markets in the future, are expected to gradually expand overseas in line with the development of the domestic environmental industry. In particular, the advancement of renewable energy (solar, wind, etc.) related to climate change has already begun to use the ‘Public-Private Partnership (PPP)’ investment method, which is likely to develop into a leader for the next-generation environmental market as well as the potential for future business.
   The environmental market concept which this research focused on covers the market of goods and services with three fields of industry with its strength and one promising sector. The assessment of possibility for entering the environmental market and market potential in Brazil and Mexico is not limited to the evaluation of technology demand, it is also included policy demand for the development of the environmental market. For example, included with country’s national plan for the development of the environmental industry with both country’s environmental policy and environmental law.
   In Chapter 2, this paper investigated environmental issues and policy changes over time in Brazil and Mexico, based on the historical approach with environmental law and institution change and development for a long time since the early of 20th century.
   Chapters 3 and 4 analyzed the environmental industry policy and technology status in four sectors in Mexico and Brazil from the integrated perspective of ‘policy-technology-investment’ relationship. In addition, through these chapters it is also analyzed comparatively the financial and investment efforts of the Federal and Central Governments in both countries. in addition this analysis was extended to the areas of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), various investments by international environmental organizations who are representing the region, and ODA investment approaches by the EU and developed countries as well. In Chapter 5, this paper tried to find ways for Korean governments and enterprises to enter Mexican and Brazilian environmental markets, such as concrete action plans for entering new market. This chapter also attempted to analyze the market potential of promising sectors which are likely to enter the next generation.
   Focusing on the development of ‘environmental policy’ in Brazil and Mexico, the following are the real action plans to enter the Brazilian and Mexican market in consideration of environmental technology and future environmental investment factors.
   Firstly, looking at the development of environmental markets in Brazil and Mexico by age, it is observed that the markets have been developed from the early policy interests in ‘air pollution’ to the water resource management in the 1990s, the waste management in the 2000s, and the climate change field with increasing market potential currently. As observed the historical change or transformation characters of environmental issues in Brazil and Mexico and the changes in technological demands of each period, Korea’s company should not only continue to advance traditional and strong technologies (3 main sectors), but also has a strategy to enter the climate change market with great potential. For example and in particular, both countries are interested in the renewable energy sector where greenhouse gas reduction costs are lower than strategies for changing macro-economic policies and industrial structures to reduce greenhouse gases.
   Secondly, the institutional change such as introduction of the pollutant pay principle in environmental policy has led Brazil and Mexico to gradually shift the direction of policy and industry and future by introducing and allowing active participation of the market from private sectors, rather than previous government-centered ways of solving environmental problems.
   However, the problem is that these countries have a little experience in solving environmental problems or climate change problems by using market mechanisms. As a result, investments in the environmental industry include public-private cooperation, encouraging participation of foreign companies, and various environmental investment incentive programs will increase. In addition, the use of green bonds, the use of green climate funds, the emergence of various environmental products in the market, and the development of supply and consumption systems will become important markets in near future.
   Thirdly, the hallmarks of entering the Brazilian and Mexican markets are large companies. In addition to the entry of manufacturing products in the scale of automobiles, electronics, and telecommunications, the joint entry of SMEs with environmental technology in Korea should be carried out jointly. For example, It is necessary for SMEs to joint entry with large Korean companies related with environmental technologies, such as air monitoring, desalination, wastewater treatment, energy efficiency, smart cities and transportation systems, etc in the field of national infrastructure projects with current Brazilian Bousonaru government.
   Fourthly, waste energization has the advantage for mitigating environmental problems caused by waste by itself. In addition, waste is generated continuously in the urban city and making it more economical in terms of supply than other energy sources. To stop waste growth and the reducing environmental problems, Brazil and Mexico are currently planning to expand waste energy facilities in more than a certain city. Korea has considerable technology for waste energization and overcome a few disadvantages: it is necessary to secure funding stability and establish a channel between the government and the government. It is also necessary to seek financial support from multilateral development banks and international organizations.
   Finally, as smart cities are recognized as an effective response to climate change and urban problems, smart cities are expected to expand significantly in Brazil and Mexico. Korea has experience in urban development and excellent ICT technology, and has accumulated new city development knowledge such as U-City (Ubiquitous City) know-how. In addition, ICT infrastructure such as high-speed information communication network and operation of city integrated operation center is world-class level and environmental technologies such as transportation and water management are excellent. However, actual overseas business are some times limited due to the lacks of support for overseas projects. In order to approach smart city-related projects in Brazil and Mexico, thus it is necessary to reinforce the competitiveness of ordering by supplementing the financial system related to the smart city in Korea, based on providing order information by country and integrating solutions firstly.